@Pipe({ name: 'impurePipe', pure: false })

numbers.push(10);
obj.name = ‘javad’;

import { Pipe, PipeTransform } from '@angular/core';

@Pipe({
  name: 'evenNumbers'
})
export class EvenNumbersPipe implements PipeTransform {
  transform(numbers: Array<number>): Array<number> {
    var x=numbers.filter(r => r % 2 == 0);
    return x;
  }
}

// . . .
import { EvenNumbersPipe } from './pipes/even-numbers.pipe'
@NgModule({
  declarations: [
    . . .
    EvenNumbersPipe
  ],
 . . .
})
export class AppModule { }

numbers: Array<number> = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10];

<p><input type="text" #number /><input type="button" (click)="numbers.push(number.value)" value="Add number"/></p>

<h1>even numbers</h1><span *ngFor="let number of numbers | evenNumbers">
  {{number}}</span>

<p><input type="text" #number /><input type="button" (click)="numbers = numbers.concat(number.value)" value="Add number"/></p>

@Pipe({
  name: 'evenNumbers',
  pure: false
})
export class EvenNumbersPipe implements PipeTransform {
   //…
}

  fetchProducts(categoryId?: number) {
    console.log(categoryId);

    this.products = [];

    if (categoryId === undefined || categoryId.toString() === "undefined") {
      return;
    }

> npm install ng2-toasty --save

 npm ERR! Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, rename

"styles": [
    "../node_modules/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css",
    "../node_modules/ng2-toasty/bundles/style-bootstrap.css",
    "styles.css"
],

import { ToastyModule } from "ng2-toasty";

@NgModule({
  imports: [
    BrowserModule,
    ToastyModule.forRoot(),

<ng2-toasty [position]="'top-right'"></ng2-toasty>

import { ToastyService, ToastOptions } from "ng2-toasty";

export class ProductGroupComponent implements OnInit {

  constructor(
    private productItemsService: ProductItemsService,
    private toastyService: ToastyService) { }

  fetchProducts(categoryId?: number) {
    console.log(categoryId);

    this.products = [];

    if (categoryId === undefined || categoryId.toString() === "undefined") {
      this.toastyService.error(<ToastOptions>{
        title: "Error!",
        msg: "Please select a category.",
        theme: "bootstrap",
        showClose: true,
        timeout: 5000
      });
      return;
    }

    this.productItemsService.getCategories().subscribe(
      data => {
        this.categories = data;
      },
      err => console.log("get error: ", err)
    );

> ng g cl app.error-handler

 installing class
  create src\app\app.error-handler.ts

import { ErrorHandler } from "@angular/core";

export class AppErrorHandler implements ErrorHandler {

  handleError(error: any): void {
    console.log("Error:", error);
  }
}

import { NgModule, ErrorHandler } from "@angular/core";
import { AppErrorHandler } from "./app.error-handler";

@NgModule({
  providers: [
    { provide: ErrorHandler, useClass: AppErrorHandler }
  ]

[HttpGet("[action]/{categoryId:int}")]
public async Task<IActionResult> GetProducts(int categoryId)
{
   throw new Exception();

    this.productItemsService.getProducts(categoryId).subscribe(
      data => {
        this.products = data;
        this.isLoadingProducts = false;
      }// ,
      // err => {
      //   console.log("get error: ", err);
      //   this.isLoadingProducts = false;
      // }
    );

import { ToastyService, ToastOptions } from "ng2-toasty";
import { ErrorHandler } from "@angular/core";

export class AppErrorHandler implements ErrorHandler {

  constructor(private toastyService: ToastyService) {
  }

  handleError(error: any): void {
    // console.log("Error:", error);
    this.toastyService.error(<ToastOptions>{
      title: "Error!",
      msg: "Fatal error!",
      theme: "bootstrap",
      showClose: true,
      timeout: 5000
    });
  }
}

 Uncaught Error: Can't resolve all parameters for AppErrorHandler: (?).

import { ErrorHandler, Inject } from "@angular/core";

export class AppErrorHandler implements ErrorHandler {

  constructor(
    @Inject(ToastyService) private toastyService: ToastyService
  ) {
  }

import { ToastyService, ToastOptions } from "ng2-toasty";
import { ErrorHandler, Inject, NgZone } from "@angular/core";
import { LocationStrategy, PathLocationStrategy } from "@angular/common";

export class AppErrorHandler implements ErrorHandler {

  constructor(
    @Inject(NgZone) private ngZone: NgZone,
    @Inject(ToastyService) private toastyService: ToastyService,
    @Inject(LocationStrategy) private locationProvider: LocationStrategy
  ) {
  }

  handleError(error: any): void {
    // console.log("Error:", error);

    const url = this.locationProvider instanceof PathLocationStrategy ? this.locationProvider.path() : "";
    const message = error.message ? error.message : error.toString();
    this.ngZone.run(() => {
      this.toastyService.error(<ToastOptions>{
        title: "Error!",
        msg: `URL:${url} \n ERROR:${message}`,
        theme: "bootstrap",
        showClose: true,
        timeout: 5000
      });
    });

    // IMPORTANT: Rethrow the error otherwise it gets swallowed
    // throw error;
  }
}

>npm install>ng build --watch

>dotnet restore>dotnet watch run

• تعداد خطوط زیاد: این معیار نسبت به فناوری و زبان برنامه نویسی مورد استفاده درمحصول متفاوت است؛ ولی در حالت کلی زمانیکه یک کلاس تعداد خطوط کدی بیشتر از 100 داشت، مشکلی بوجود آمده است. 
  
• تعداد وضعیت‌های داخلی (در تعریف شیء گرایی) زیاد در یک کلاس، نشان دهنده بزرگی یک کلاس هستند.  
  
• تعداد پارامترهای زیاد سازنده کلاس نشان دهنده متورم شدن کلاس هستند. معمولا مدیریت کردن تعداد وضعیت‌های داخلی زیاد منجر به دریافت تعداد زیاد پارامتر ورودی در سازنده می‌شوند. اگر قانون مربوط به تعداد پارامترهای یک متد را در نظر داشته باشیم و با فرض اینکه سازنده نیز یک متد است، حداکثر پارامترهای مناسب برای یک سازنده 4 خواهد بود. 
  
• متغیرهایی وجود دارند که به صورت دسته‌ای پیشوند یا پسوند خاصی دارند. این پیشوندها یا پسوندها نشان دهنده مواردی هستند که احتمالا می‌توانند به کلاس مخصوص به خود انتقال داده شوند. زیرا از نظر منطقی ارتباطی بین آنها وجود دارد و مربوط به کلاس فعلی نمی‌شوند (زیرا اگر اینگونه بود نیازی به پیشوند یا پسوند نبود).
  

• عدم استفاده از مکانیزم‌های مشترک، به دلیل عدم تشکیل کلاس مربوط به آنها 
  
• امکان ایجاد کدهای تکراری فراوان در کلاس 
  
• دشواری تست نویسی برای کلاس‌ها به دلیل وظایف فراوانی که کلاس بر عهده دارد 
  
• افزایش احتمال ایجاد مشکلات مربوط سورس کنترل‌ها و فعالیت همزمان چندین نفر بر روی یک فایل یا کلاس 
  
• به دلیل انجام وظایف فراوان، تغییرات یک کلاس از جنبه‌های بسیار زیادی باید تست شود 
  

• ایجاد کلاسی مستقل برای هریک از مسئولیت‌های موجود در کلاس بزرگ 
  
• ایجاد کلاسی پایه (Base class) برای انجام برخی از امور مشترک در کلاس 
  

>ng g m CustomValidators -m app.module --routing

>ng g c CustomValidators/user-register

>ng g cl CustomValidators/user

export class User {
  constructor(
    public username: string = "",
    public email: string = "", 
    public password: string = "", 
    public confirmPassword: string = "" 
  ) {}
}

>ng g d CustomValidators/EmailValidator -m custom-validators.module

import { Directive } from "@angular/core";
import { AbstractControl, NG_VALIDATORS, Validator } from "@angular/forms";

@Directive({
  selector:
    "[appEmailValidator][formControlName],[appEmailValidator][formControl],[appEmailValidator][ngModel]",
  providers: [
    {
      provide: NG_VALIDATORS,
      useExisting: EmailValidatorDirective,
      multi: true
    }
  ]
})
export class EmailValidatorDirective implements Validator {
  validate(element: AbstractControl): { [key: string]: any } {
    const emailRegex = /\w+([-+.']\w+)*@\w+([-.]\w+)*\.\w+([-.]\w+)*/;
    const valid = emailRegex.test(element.value);
    return valid ? null : { appEmailValidator: true };
  }
}

<input #email="ngModel" required appEmailValidator type="text" class="form-control" 
name="email" [(ngModel)]="model.email">

selector:
"[appEmailValidator][formControlName],[appEmailValidator][formControl],[appEmailValidator][ngModel]",

"apps": [
{
   // ...
   "prefix": "app",

 selector: "[appEmailValidator]"

  providers: [
    {
      provide: NG_VALIDATORS,
      useExisting: EmailValidatorDirective,
      multi: true
    }

 export class EmailValidatorDirective implements Validator {

 validate(element: AbstractControl): { [key: string]: any }

validate(element: AbstractControl): { [key: string]: any } {
  const emailRegex = /\w+([-+.']\w+)*@\w+([-.]\w+)*\.\w+([-.]\w+)*/;
  const valid = emailRegex.test(element.value);
  return valid ? null : { appEmailValidator: true };
}

<input #email="ngModel" required appEmailValidator type="text" class="form-control"
name="email" [(ngModel)]="model.email">

 { required:true }

{ minlength : {
     requiredLength : 3,
     actualLength : 1
   }
}

 { appEmailValidator: true }

<div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="email.errors.appEmailValidator">
The entered email is not valid.</div>

public password: string = "",
public confirmPassword: string = ""

>ng g d CustomValidators/EqualValidator -m custom-validators.module

import { Directive, Attribute } from "@angular/core";
import { Validator, AbstractControl, NG_VALIDATORS } from "@angular/forms";

@Directive({
  selector:
    "[appValidateEqual][formControlName],[appValidateEqual][formControl],[appValidateEqual][ngModel]",
  providers: [
    {
      provide: NG_VALIDATORS,
      useExisting: EqualValidatorDirective,
      multi: true
    }
  ]
})
export class EqualValidatorDirective implements Validator {
  constructor(@Attribute("compare-to") public compareToControl: string) {}

  validate(element: AbstractControl): { [key: string]: any } {
    const selfValue = element.value;
    const otherControl = element.root.get(this.compareToControl);

    console.log("EqualValidatorDirective", {
       thisControlValue: selfValue,
       otherControlValue: otherControl ? otherControl.value : null
    });

    if (otherControl && selfValue !== otherControl.value) {
      return {
        appValidateEqual: true // Or a string such as 'Password mismatch.' or an abject.
      };
    }

    if (
      otherControl &&
      otherControl.errors &&
      selfValue === otherControl.value
    ) {
      delete otherControl.errors["appValidateEqual"];
      if (!Object.keys(otherControl.errors).length) {
        otherControl.setErrors(null);
      }
    }

    return null;
  }
}

export class EqualValidatorDirective implements Validator {
  constructor(@Attribute("compare-to") public compareToControl: string) {}

<input #password="ngModel" required type="password" class="form-control"
appValidateEqual compare-to="confirmPassword" name="password" [(ngModel)]="model.password">

export class EqualValidatorDirective implements Validator {
  constructor(@Attribute("compare-to") public compareToControl: string) {}

  validate(element: AbstractControl): { [key: string]: any } {
    const selfValue = element.value;
    const otherControl = element.root.get(this.compareToControl);

    console.log("EqualValidatorDirective", {
       thisControlValue: selfValue,
       otherControlValue: otherControl ? otherControl.value : null
    });

    if (otherControl && selfValue !== otherControl.value) {
      return {
        appValidateEqual: true // Or a string such as 'Password mismatch.' or an abject.
      };
    }

    if (otherControl && otherControl.errors && selfValue === otherControl.value) {
      delete otherControl.errors["appValidateEqual"];
      if (!Object.keys(otherControl.errors).length) {
        otherControl.setErrors(null);
      }
    }

    return null;

import { NgForm } from "@angular/forms";
import { User } from "./../user";
import { Component, OnInit } from "@angular/core";

@Component({
  selector: "app-user-register",
  templateUrl: "./user-register.component.html",
  styleUrls: ["./user-register.component.css"]
})
export class UserRegisterComponent implements OnInit {
  model = new User();

  constructor() {}

  ngOnInit() {}

  submitForm(form: NgForm) {
    console.log(this.model);
    console.log(form.value);
  }
}

<div class="container"><h3>Registration Form</h3><form #form="ngForm" (submit)="submitForm(form)" novalidate>

<div class="form-group" [class.has-error]="username.invalid && username.touched"><label class="control-label">User Name</label><input #username="ngModel" required maxlength="8" minlength="4" type="text"
        class="form-control" name="username" [(ngModel)]="model.username"><div *ngIf="username.invalid && username.touched"><div class="alert alert-info">
          errors: {{ username.errors | json }}</div><div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="username.errors.required">
          username is required.</div><div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="username.errors.minlength">
          username should be minimum {{username.errors.minlength.requiredLength}} characters.</div><div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="username.errors.maxlength">
          username should be max {{username.errors.maxlength.requiredLength}} characters.</div></div></div>

<div class="form-group" [class.has-error]="email.invalid && email.touched"><label class="control-label">Email</label><input #email="ngModel" required appEmailValidator type="text" class="form-control"
        name="email" [(ngModel)]="model.email"><div *ngIf="email.invalid && email.touched"><div class="alert alert-info">
          errors: {{ email.errors | json }}</div><div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="email.errors.required">
          email is required.</div><div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="email.errors.appEmailValidator">
          The entered email is not valid.</div></div></div>

<div class="form-group" [class.has-error]="password.invalid && password.touched"><label class="control-label">Password</label><input #password="ngModel" required type="password" class="form-control"
        appValidateEqual compare-to="confirmPassword" name="password" [(ngModel)]="model.password"><div *ngIf="password.invalid && password.touched"><div class="alert alert-info">
          errors: {{ password.errors | json }}</div><div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="password.errors.required">
          password is required.</div><div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="password.errors.appValidateEqual">
          Password mismatch. Please complete the confirmPassword .</div></div></div><div class="form-group" [class.has-error]="confirmPassword.invalid && confirmPassword.touched"><label class="control-label">Retype password</label><input #confirmPassword="ngModel" required type="password" class="form-control"
        appValidateEqual compare-to="password" name="confirmPassword" [(ngModel)]="model.confirmPassword"><div *ngIf="confirmPassword.invalid && confirmPassword.touched"><div class="alert alert-info">
          errors: {{ confirmPassword.errors | json }}</div><div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="confirmPassword.errors.required">
          confirmPassword is required.</div><div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="confirmPassword.errors.appValidateEqual">
          Password mismatch.</div></div></div>

<button class="btn btn-primary" [disabled]="form.invalid" type="submit">Ok</button></form></div>

>npm install>ng build --watch

>dotnet restore>dotnet watch run

<form asp-controller="Manage" asp-action="ChangePassword" method="post">   <!-- Form details --> </form>

<form method="post" action="/Manage/ChangePassword">   <!-- Form details --> <input name="__RequestVerificationToken" type="hidden" value="CfDJ8NrAkSldwD9CpLR...LongValueHere!" /> </form>

using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Antiforgery;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;

namespace AngularTemplateDrivenFormsLab.Utils
{
    public class AntiforgeryTokenMiddleware
    {
        private readonly RequestDelegate _next;
        private readonly IAntiforgery _antiforgery;

        public AntiforgeryTokenMiddleware(RequestDelegate next, IAntiforgery antiforgery)
        {
            _next = next;
            _antiforgery = antiforgery;
        }

        public Task Invoke(HttpContext context)
        {
            var path = context.Request.Path.Value;
            if (path != null && !path.StartsWith("/api/", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
            {
                var tokens = _antiforgery.GetAndStoreTokens(context);
                context.Response.Cookies.Append(
                      key: "XSRF-TOKEN",
                      value: tokens.RequestToken,
                      options: new CookieOptions
                      {
                          HttpOnly = false // Now JavaScript is able to read the cookie
                      });
            }
            return _next(context);
        }
    }

    public static class AntiforgeryTokenMiddlewareExtensions
    {
        public static IApplicationBuilder UseAntiforgeryToken(this IApplicationBuilder builder)
        {
            return builder.UseMiddleware<AntiforgeryTokenMiddleware>();
        }
    }
}

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)
{
   app.UseAntiforgeryToken();

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
      services.AddAntiforgery(x => x.HeaderName = "X-XSRF-TOKEN");
      services.AddMvc();
}

  [HttpPost] 
  [ValidateAntiForgeryToken] 
  public IActionResult ChangePassword() 
  { 
    // ... 
    return Json(…); 
  }

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
       services.AddAntiforgery(x => x.HeaderName = "X-XSRF-TOKEN");
       services.AddMvc(options =>
       {
           options.Filters.Add(new AutoValidateAntiforgeryTokenAttribute());
       });
}

>npm install>ng build --watch

>dotnet restore>dotnet watch run

let headers = new Headers();
let token = localStorage.getItem('token');
headers.append('Authorization', 'bearer ' + token);
this.http.get('/api/controller/action', { headers: headers })

import { Injectable } from "@angular/core";
import { ConnectionBackend, RequestOptions, Request, RequestOptionsArgs, Response, Http, Headers } from "@angular/http";
import { Observable } from "rxjs/Rx";
import 'rxjs/add/operator/catch';
import 'rxjs/add/observable/throw';

@Injectable()
export class InterceptedHttp extends Http {
    constructor(backend: ConnectionBackend, defaultOptions: RequestOptions) {
        super(backend, defaultOptions);
    }

    request(url: string | Request, options?: RequestOptionsArgs): Observable<Response> {
        // اصلاح url
        if (typeof (url) === 'string')
            url = this.updateUrl((url as string));
        else
            url.url = this.updateUrl((url as Request).url);

        return super.request(url, this.getRequestOptionArgs(options)).catch((err: Response) => {
            // Exception handling
            switch (err.status) {
                case 400:
                    console.log('interceptor: 400');
                    console.log(err);
                    break;
                case 404:
                    console.log('interceptor: 404');
                    console.log(err);
                    break;
                case 500:
                    console.log('interceptor: 500');
                    console.log(err);
                    break;
                case 401:
                    console.log('interceptor: 401');
                    console.log(err);
                    break;
                case 403:
                    console.log('interceptor: 403');
                    console.log(err);
                    break;
                default:
                    console.log('interceptor: ' + err.status);
                    console.log(err);
            }
            return Observable.throw(err);

        });
    }

    private updateUrl(req: string) {
        return `http://localhost:61366/api/${req}`
    }

    private getRequestOptionArgs(options?: RequestOptionsArgs): RequestOptionsArgs {
        if (options == null) {
            options = new RequestOptions();
        }
        if (options.headers == null) {
            options.headers = new Headers();
        }
        // هدر درخواست تنظیم
        let token = localStorage.getItem('token');
        options.headers.append('Authorization', 'bearer ' + token);


        return options;
    }
}

//…
providers: [{
        provide: Http,
        useFactory: (backend: XHRBackend, options: RequestOptions) => {
            return new InterceptedHttp(backend, options);
        },
        deps: [XHRBackend, RequestOptions],
    }],
//…

import { Http, URLSearchParams } from '@angular/http';

//…
constructor(private _http: Http) { }

ngOnInit() {
    let urlSearchParams: URLSearchParams = new URLSearchParams();
    urlSearchParams.append('page', page.toString());
    urlSearchParams.append('count', count.toString());
    let params = urlSearchParams.toString();
    this._http.get(`/cars`, { params: params })
        .subscribe(result => {
            console.log('service: Succ');
            this.cars = result.json();
        }, err => {
            console.log('service: error');
        });
}
//…

>ng g m UploadFile -m app.module --routing

>ng g c UploadFile/UploadFileSimple

>ng g cl UploadFile/Ticket

export class Ticket {
  constructor(public description: string = "") {}
}

import { Ticket } from "./../ticket";

export class UploadFileSimpleComponent implements OnInit {
  model = new Ticket();

<div class="container"><h3>Support Form</h3><form #form="ngForm" (submit)="submitForm(form)" novalidate><div class="form-group" [class.has-error]="description.invalid && description.touched"><label class="control-label">Description</label><input #description="ngModel" required type="text" class="form-control"
        name="description" [(ngModel)]="model.description"><div *ngIf="description.invalid && description.touched"><div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="description.errors.required">
          description is required.</div></div></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label">Screenshot(s)</label><input #screenshotInput required type="file" multiple (change)="fileChange($event)"
        class="form-control" name="screenshot"></div><button class="btn btn-primary" [disabled]="form.invalid" type="submit">Ok</button></form></div>

 (change)="fileChange($event)"

fileChange(event) {
    const filesList: FileList = event.target.files;
    console.log("fileChange() -> filesList", filesList);
}

 C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft VS Code\resources\app\extensions\node_modules\typescript\lib\lib.dom.d.ts

{
    "lib": [
      "es2016",
      "dom"
    ]
  }
}

import { Component, OnInit, ViewChild, ElementRef } from "@angular/core";

export class UploadFileSimpleComponent implements OnInit {
  @ViewChild("screenshotInput") screenshotInput: ElementRef;

  submitForm(form: NgForm) {
    const fileInput: HTMLInputElement = this.screenshotInput.nativeElement;
    console.log("fileInput.files", fileInput.files);
  }

>ng g s UploadFile/UploadFileSimple -m upload-file.module

import { Http, RequestOptions, Response, Headers } from "@angular/http";
import { Injectable } from "@angular/core";
import { Observable } from "rxjs/Observable";
import "rxjs/add/operator/do";
import "rxjs/add/operator/catch";
import "rxjs/add/observable/throw";
import "rxjs/add/operator/map";
import "rxjs/add/observable/of";

import { Ticket } from "./ticket";

@Injectable()
export class UploadFileSimpleService {
  private baseUrl = "api/SimpleUpload";

  constructor(private http: Http) {}

  private extractData(res: Response) {
    const body = res.json();
    return body || {};
  }

  private handleError(error: Response): Observable<any> {
    console.error("observable error: ", error);
    return Observable.throw(error.statusText);
  }

  postTicket(ticket: Ticket, filesList: FileList): Observable<any> {
    if (!filesList || filesList.length === 0) {
      return Observable.throw("Please select a file.");
    }

    const formData: FormData = new FormData();

    for (const key in ticket) {
      if (ticket.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
        formData.append(key, ticket[key]);
      }
    }

    for (let i = 0; i < filesList.length; i++) {
      formData.append(filesList[i].name, filesList[i]);
    }

    const headers = new Headers();
    headers.append("Accept", "application/json");
    const options = new RequestOptions({ headers: headers });

    return this.http
      .post(`${this.baseUrl}/SaveTicket`, formData, options)
      .map(this.extractData)
      .catch(this.handleError);
  }
}

  postTicket(ticket: Ticket, filesList: FileList): Observable<any> {
    const formData: FormData = new FormData();

    for (const key in ticket) {
      if (ticket.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
        formData.append(key, ticket[key]);
      }
    }

    for (let i = 0; i < filesList.length; i++) {
      formData.append(filesList[i].name, filesList[i]);
    }

    const headers = new Headers();
    headers.append("Accept", "application/json");
    const options = new RequestOptions({ headers: headers });

    return this.http
      .post(`${this.baseUrl}/SaveTicket`, formData, options)
      .map(this.extractData)
      .catch(this.handleError);

import { UploadFileSimpleService } from "./../upload-file-simple.service";

export class UploadFileSimpleComponent implements OnInit {
  constructor(private uploadService: UploadFileSimpleService  ) {}

  submitForm(form: NgForm) {
    const fileInput: HTMLInputElement = this.screenshotInput.nativeElement;
    console.log("fileInput.files", fileInput.files);

    this.uploadService
      .postTicket(this.model, fileInput.files)
      .subscribe(data => {
        console.log("success: ", data);
      });
  }

namespace AngularTemplateDrivenFormsLab.Models
{
    public class Ticket
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }
        public string Description { set; get; }
    }
}

using System.IO;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using AngularTemplateDrivenFormsLab.Models;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;

namespace AngularTemplateDrivenFormsLab.Controllers
{
    [Route("api/[controller]")]
    public class SimpleUploadController : Controller
    {
        private readonly IHostingEnvironment _environment;
        public SimpleUploadController(IHostingEnvironment environment)
        {
            _environment = environment;
        }

        [HttpPost("[action]")]
        public async Task<IActionResult> SaveTicket(Ticket ticket)
        {
            //TODO: save the ticket ... get id
            ticket.Id = 1001;

            var uploadsRootFolder = Path.Combine(_environment.WebRootPath, "uploads");
            if (!Directory.Exists(uploadsRootFolder))
            {
                Directory.CreateDirectory(uploadsRootFolder);
            }

            var files = Request.Form.Files;
            foreach (var file in files)
            {
                //TODO: do security checks ...!

                if (file == null || file.Length == 0)
                {
                    continue;
                }

                var filePath = Path.Combine(uploadsRootFolder, file.FileName);
                using (var fileStream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Create))
                {
                    await file.CopyToAsync(fileStream).ConfigureAwait(false);
                }
            }

            return Created("", ticket);
        }
    }
}

 SaveTicket(Ticket ticket)

 formData.append(filesList[i].name, filesList[i]);

var files = Request.Form.Files;
foreach (var file in files)

data-val-remote="کلمه عبور وارد شده را راحت می‌توان حدس زد!" 
data-val-remote-additionalfields="*.Password1" 
data-val-remote-type="POST" 
data-val-remote-url="/register/checkpassword"

 export class EmailValidatorDirective implements Validator {

 export class RemoteValidatorDirective implements AsyncValidator {

validate(c: AbstractControl): Promise<ValidationErrors | null> | Observable<ValidationErrors | null>;

>ng g d CustomValidators/RemoteValidator -m custom-validators.module

import { Directive, Input } from "@angular/core";
import {
  AsyncValidator,
  AbstractControl,
  NG_ASYNC_VALIDATORS
} from "@angular/forms";
import { Http, RequestOptions, Response, Headers } from "@angular/http";
import "rxjs/add/operator/map";
import "rxjs/add/operator/distinctUntilChanged";
import "rxjs/add/operator/takeUntil";
import "rxjs/add/operator/take";
import { Observable } from "rxjs/Observable";
import { Subject } from "rxjs/Subject";

@Directive({
  selector:
    "[appRemoteValidator][formControlName],[appRemoteValidator][formControl],[appRemoteValidator][ngModel]",
  providers: [
    {
      provide: NG_ASYNC_VALIDATORS,
      useExisting: RemoteValidatorDirective,
      multi: true
    }
  ]
})
export class RemoteValidatorDirective implements AsyncValidator {
  @Input("remote-url") remoteUrl: string;
  @Input("remote-field") remoteField: string;
  @Input("remote-additional-fields") remoteAdditionalFields: string;

  constructor(private http: Http) {}

  validate(control: AbstractControl): Observable<{ [key: string]: any }> {
    if (!this.remoteUrl || this.remoteUrl === undefined) {
      return Observable.throw("`remoteUrl` is undefined.");
    }

    if (!this.remoteField || this.remoteField === undefined) {
      return Observable.throw("`remoteField` is undefined.");
    }

    const dataObject = {};
    if (
      this.remoteAdditionalFields &&
      this.remoteAdditionalFields !== undefined
    ) {
      const otherFields = this.remoteAdditionalFields.split(",");
      otherFields.forEach(field => {
        const name = field.trim();
        const otherControl = control.root.get(name);
        if (otherControl) {
          dataObject[name] = otherControl.value;
        }
      });
    }

    // This is used to signal the streams to terminate.
    const changed$ = new Subject<any>();
    changed$.next(); // This will signal the previous stream (if any) to terminate.

    const debounceTime = 400;

    return new Observable((obs: any) => {
      control.valueChanges
        .takeUntil(changed$)
        .take(1)
        .debounceTime(debounceTime)
        .distinctUntilChanged()
        .flatMap(term => {
          dataObject[this.remoteField] = term;
          return this.doRemoteValidation(dataObject);
        })
        .subscribe(
          (result: IRemoteValidationResult) => {
            if (result.result) {
              obs.next(null);
            } else {
              obs.next({
                remoteValidation: {
                  remoteValidationMessage: result.message
                }
              });
            }

            obs.complete();
          },
          error => {
            obs.next(null);
            obs.complete();
          }
        );
    });
  }

  private doRemoteValidation(data: any): Observable<IRemoteValidationResult> {
    const headers = new Headers({ "Content-Type": "application/json" }); // for ASP.NET MVC
    const options = new RequestOptions({ headers: headers });

    return this.http
      .post(this.remoteUrl, JSON.stringify(data), options)
      .map(this.extractData)
      .do(result => console.log("remoteValidation result: ", result))
      .catch(this.handleError);
  }

  private extractData(res: Response): IRemoteValidationResult {
    const body = <IRemoteValidationResult>res.json();
    return body || (<IRemoteValidationResult>{});
  }

  private handleError(error: Response): Observable<any> {
    console.error("observable error: ", error);
    return Observable.throw(error.statusText);
  }
}

export interface IRemoteValidationResult {
  result: boolean;
  message: string;
}

@Directive({
  selector:
    "[appRemoteValidator][formControlName],[appRemoteValidator][formControl],[appRemoteValidator][ngModel]",
  providers: [
    {
      provide: NG_ASYNC_VALIDATORS,
      useExisting: RemoteValidatorDirective,
      multi: true
    }
  ]
})

export class RemoteValidatorDirective implements AsyncValidator {
  @Input("remote-url") remoteUrl: string;
  @Input("remote-field") remoteField: string;
  @Input("remote-additional-fields") remoteAdditionalFields: string;

<input #username="ngModel" required maxlength="8" minlength="4" type="text"
        appRemoteValidator [remote-url]="remoteUsernameValidationUrl" remote-field="FirstName"
        remote-additional-fields="email,password" class="form-control" name="username"
        [(ngModel)]="model.username">

export class UserRegisterComponent implements OnInit {
   remoteUsernameValidationUrl = "api/Employee/CheckUser";

 [remote-field]="'FirstName'"

export interface IRemoteValidationResult {
   result: boolean;
   message: string;
}

namespace AngularTemplateDrivenFormsLab.Controllers
{
    [Route("api/[controller]")]
    public class EmployeeController : Controller
    {
        [HttpPost("[action]")]
        [ResponseCache(Location = ResponseCacheLocation.None, NoStore = true)]
        public IActionResult CheckUser([FromBody] Employee model)
        {
            var remoteValidationResult = new { result = true, message = $"{model.FirstName} is fine!" };
            if (model.FirstName?.Equals("Vahid", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) ?? false)
            {
                remoteValidationResult = new { result = false, message = "username:`Vahid` is already taken." };
            }

            return Json(remoteValidationResult);
        }
    }
}

<div class="form-group" [class.has-error]="username.invalid && username.touched"><label class="control-label">User Name</label><input #username="ngModel" required maxlength="8" minlength="4" type="text"
        appRemoteValidator [remote-url]="remoteUsernameValidationUrl" remote-field="FirstName"
        remote-additional-fields="email,password" class="form-control" name="username"
        [(ngModel)]="model.username"><div *ngIf="username.pending" class="alert alert-warning">
        Checking server, Please wait ...</div><div *ngIf="username.invalid && username.touched"><div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="username.errors.remoteValidation">
          {{username.errors.remoteValidation.remoteValidationMessage}}</div></div></div>

obs.next({
                remoteValidation: {
                  remoteValidationMessage: result.message
                }
              });

    // This is used to signal the streams to terminate.
    const changed$ = new Subject<any>();
    changed$.next(); // This will signal the previous stream (if any) to terminate.

    const debounceTime = 400;

    return new Observable((obs: any) => {
      control.valueChanges
        .takeUntil(changed$)
        .take(1)
        .debounceTime(debounceTime)
        .distinctUntilChanged()

>npm install ng2-file-upload --save

>ng g c UploadFile/ng2-file-upload-test

import { FileUploadModule } from "ng2-file-upload";

@NgModule({
  imports: [
    FileUploadModule
  ]

import { FileUploader, FileUploaderOptions } from "ng2-file-upload";
import { Ticket } from "./../ticket";

export class Ng2FileUploadTestComponent implements OnInit {
  fileUploader: FileUploader;
  model = new Ticket();

    this.fileUploader = new FileUploader(<FileUploaderOptions>{
        url: "api/SimpleUpload/SaveTicket",
        headers: [
          { name: "X-XSRF-TOKEN", value: this.getCookie("XSRF-TOKEN") },
          { name: "Accept", value: "application/json" }
        ],
        isHTML5: true,
        // allowedMimeType: ["image/jpeg", "image/png", "application/pdf", "application/msword", "application/zip"]
        allowedFileType: [
          "application",
          "image",
          "video",
          "audio",
          "pdf",
          "compress",
          "doc",
          "xls",
          "ppt"
        ],
        removeAfterUpload: true,
        autoUpload: false,
        maxFileSize: 10 * 1024 * 1024
      }
    );

  getCookie(name: string): string {
    const value = "; " + document.cookie;
    const parts = value.split("; " + name + "=");
    if (parts.length === 2) {
      return decodeURIComponent(parts.pop().split(";").shift());
    }
  }

    this.fileUploader.onBuildItemForm = (fileItem, form) => {
      for (const key in this.model) {
        if (this.model.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
          form.append(key, this.model[key]);
        }
      }
    };

    this.fileUploader.onCompleteAll = () => {
      // clear the form
      // this.model = new Ticket();
    };

    this.fileUploader.onWhenAddingFileFailed = (item, filter, options) => {
      // msg: `You can't select ${item.name} file because of the ${filter.name} filter.`
    };

    this.fileUploader.onErrorItem = (fileItem, response, status, headers) => {
       //
    };

    this.fileUploader.onSuccessItem = (item, response, status, headers) => {
      if (response) {
        const ticket = JSON.parse(response);
        console.log(`ticket:`, ticket);
      }
    };

  submitForm(form: NgForm) {
    this.fileUploader.uploadAll();

    // NOTE: Upload multiple files in one request -> https://github.com/valor-software/ng2-file-upload/issues/671
  }

<div class="container"><h3>Support Form(ng2-file-upload)</h3><form #form="ngForm" (submit)="submitForm(form)" novalidate><div class="form-group" [class.has-error]="description.invalid && description.touched"><label class="control-label">Description</label><input #description="ngModel" required type="text" class="form-control"
        name="description" [(ngModel)]="model.description"><div *ngIf="description.invalid && description.touched"><div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="description.errors.required">
          description is required.</div></div></div>

<div class="form-group"><label class="control-label">Screenshot(s)</label><input required type="file" multiple ng2FileSelect [uploader]="fileUploader"
        class="form-control" name="screenshot"></div>

<div style="margin-bottom: 10px" *ngIf="fileUploader.queue.length"><h3>Upload queue</h3><p>Queue length: {{ fileUploader?.queue?.length }}</p><table class="table"><thead><tr><th width="50%">Name</th><th>Size</th><th>Progress</th><th>Status</th><th>Actions</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr *ngFor="let item of fileUploader.queue"><td><strong>{{ item?.file?.name }}</strong></td><td nowrap>{{ item?.file?.size/1024/1024 | number:'.2' }} MB</td><td><div class="progress" style="margin-bottom: 0;"><div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" [ngStyle]="{ 'width': item.progress + '%' }"></div></div></td><td class="text-center"><span *ngIf="item.isError"><i class="glyphicon glyphicon-remove"></i></span></td><td nowrap><button type="button" class="btn btn-danger btn-xs" (click)="item.remove()"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-trash"></span> Remove</button></td></tr></tbody></table><div><div>
          Queue progress:<div class="progress"><div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" [ngStyle]="{ 'width': fileUploader.progress + '%' }"></div></div></div><button type="button" class="btn btn-danger btn-s" (click)="fileUploader.clearQueue()"
          [disabled]="!fileUploader.queue.length"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-trash"></span> Remove all</button></div></div>

<div class="progress" style="margin-bottom: 0;"><div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" [ngStyle]="{ 'width': item.progress + '%' }"></div></div>

<button class="btn btn-primary" [disabled]="form.invalid || !fileUploader.queue.length"
      type="submit">Submit</button></form>

using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;

namespace AngularTemplateDrivenFormsLab.Utils
{
    public class ContentSecurityPolicyMiddleware
    {
        private readonly RequestDelegate _next;

        public ContentSecurityPolicyMiddleware(RequestDelegate next)
        {
            _next = next;
        }

        public Task Invoke(HttpContext context)
        {
            context.Response.Headers.Add("X-Frame-Options", "SAMEORIGIN");
            context.Response.Headers.Add("X-Xss-Protection", "1; mode=block");
            context.Response.Headers.Add("X-Content-Type-Options", "nosniff");

            string[] csp =
            {
              "default-src 'self'",
              "style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'",
              "script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval'",
              "font-src 'self'",
              "img-src 'self' data:",
              "connect-src 'self'",
              "media-src 'self'",
              "object-src 'self'",
              "report-uri /api/CspReport/Log" //TODO: Add api/CspReport/Log
            };
            context.Response.Headers.Add("Content-Security-Policy", string.Join("; ", csp));
            return _next(context);
        }
    }

    public static class ContentSecurityPolicyMiddlewareExtensions
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Make sure you add this code BEFORE app.UseStaticFiles();,
        /// otherwise the headers will not be applied to your static files.
        /// </summary>
        public static IApplicationBuilder UseContentSecurityPolicy(this IApplicationBuilder builder)
        {
            return builder.UseMiddleware<ContentSecurityPolicyMiddleware>();
        }
    }
}

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app)
{
   app.UseContentSecurityPolicy();

 context.Response.Headers.Add("X-Frame-Options", "SAMEORIGIN");

 context.Response.Headers.Add("X-Xss-Protection", "1; mode=block");

 context.Response.Headers.Add("X-Content-Type-Options", "nosniff");

string[] csp =
            {
              "default-src 'self'",
              "style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'",
              "script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval'",
              "font-src 'self'",
              "img-src 'self' data:",
              "connect-src 'self'",
              "media-src 'self'",
              "object-src 'self'",
              "report-uri /api/CspReport/Log" //TODO: Add api/CspReport/Log
            };
context.Response.Headers.Add("Content-Security-Policy", string.Join("; ", csp));

 Set-Cookie: sess=abc123; path=/; SameSite

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><configuration><system.webServer><rewrite><outboundRules><clear /><!-- https://scotthelme.co.uk/csrf-is-dead/ --><rule name="Add SameSite" preCondition="No SameSite"><match serverVariable="RESPONSE_Set_Cookie" pattern=".*" negate="false" /><action type="Rewrite" value="{R:0}; SameSite=lax" /><conditions></conditions></rule><preConditions><preCondition name="No SameSite"><add input="{RESPONSE_Set_Cookie}" pattern="." /><add input="{RESPONSE_Set_Cookie}" pattern="; SameSite=lax" negate="true" /></preCondition></preConditions></outboundRules></rewrite></system.webServer></configuration>

   "report-uri /api/CspReport/Log" //TODO: Add api/CspReport/Log

{
  "csp-report": {
    "document-uri": "http://localhost:5000/untypedSha",
    "referrer": "",
    "violated-directive": "script-src",
    "effective-directive": "script-src",
    "original-policy": "default-src 'self'; style-src 'self'; script-src 'self'; font-src 'self'; img-src 'self' data:; connect-src 'self'; media-src 'self'; object-src 'self'; report-uri /api/Home/CspReport",
    "disposition": "enforce",
    "blocked-uri": "eval",
    "line-number": 21,
    "column-number": 8,
    "source-file": "http://localhost:5000/scripts.bundle.js",
    "status-code": 200,
    "script-sample": ""
  }
}

    class CspPost
    {
        [JsonProperty("csp-report")]
        public CspReport CspReport { get; set; }
    }

    class CspReport
    {
        [JsonProperty("document-uri")]
        public string DocumentUri { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("referrer")]
        public string Referrer { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("violated-directive")]
        public string ViolatedDirective { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("effective-directive")]
        public string EffectiveDirective { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("original-policy")]
        public string OriginalPolicy { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("disposition")]
        public string Disposition { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("blocked-uri")]
        public string BlockedUri { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("line-number")]
        public int LineNumber { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("column-number")]
        public int ColumnNumber { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("source-file")]
        public string SourceFile { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("status-code")]
        public string StatusCode { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("script-sample")]
        public string ScriptSample { get; set; }
    }

namespace AngularTemplateDrivenFormsLab.Controllers
{
    [Route("api/[controller]")]
    public class CspReportController : Controller
    {
        [HttpPost("[action]")]
        [IgnoreAntiforgeryToken]
        public async Task<IActionResult> Log()
        {
            CspPost cspPost;
            using (var bodyReader = new StreamReader(this.HttpContext.Request.Body))
            {
                var body = await bodyReader.ReadToEndAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
                this.HttpContext.Request.Body = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(body));
                cspPost = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<CspPost>(body);
            }

            //TODO: log cspPost

            return Ok();
        }
    }
}

1. ViewUsers 
   
2. CreateUser 
   
3. EditUser 
   
4. DeleteUser 
   

npm install angular2-permission --save

import { Ng2Permission } from 'angular2-permission';
@NgModule({
  imports: [
    Ng2Permission
  ]
})

import { PermissionService } from 'angular2-permission';
@Component({
    […]
})
export class LoginComponent implements OnInit {
    constructor(private _permissionService: PermissionService) { 
        this._permissionService.define(['ViewUsers', 'CreateUser', 'EditUser', 'DeleteUser']);
    }
}

import { PermissionGuard, IPermissionGuardModel } from 'angular2-permission';
[…]
const routes: Routes = [
    {
        path: 'login',
        component: LoginComponent,
        children: []
    },
    {
        path: 'users',
        component: UserListComponent,
        canActivate: [PermissionGuard],
        data: {
            Permission: {
                Only: ['ViewUsers'],
                RedirectTo: '403'
            } as IPermissionGuardModel
        },
        children: []
    },
    {
        path: 'users/create',
        component: UserCreateComponent,
        canActivate: [PermissionGuard],
        data: {
            Permission: {
                Only: ['CreateUser'],
                RedirectTo: '403'
            } as IPermissionGuardModel
        },
        children: []
    },
    {
        path: '403',
        component: AccessDeniedComponent,
        children: []
    }
];

@NgModule({
    imports: [RouterModule.forRoot(routes)],
    exports: [RouterModule]
})
export class AppRoutingModule { }

{
    path: 'users/create',
    component: UserCreateComponent,
    canActivate: [PermissionGuard],
    data: {
        Permission: {
            Only: ['Admin', 'CreateUser'],
            RedirectTo: '403'
        } as IPermissionGuardModel
    },
    children: []
}

<button type="button" [hasPermission]="['DeleteUser']"><span aria-hidden="true"></span>
  Delete</button>

<button type="button" [hasPermission]="[ 'Admin', 'DeleteUser']"><span aria-hidden="true"></span>
  Delete</button>

<button type="button" [exceptPermission]="['GeustUser']"><span aria-hidden="true"></span>
  Delete</button>

<button type="button" 
  [hasPermission]="['GeustUser']"
  onAuthorizedPermission="enable"
  onUnauthorizedPermission="disable"><span aria-hidden="true"></span>
  Delete</button>

@Component({
    selector: 'app-user-list',
    templateUrl: './user-list.component.html',
    styleUrls: ['./user-list.component.css']
})
export class UserListComponent {

  constructor() { }

  OnAuthorizedPermission(element: ElementRef) {
    element.nativeElement.style.visibility ="inherit";
  }

  OnUnauthorizedPermission(element: ElementRef) {
    element.nativeElement.style.visibility = "hidden";    
  }
}

<button 
  [hasPermission]="['CreateUser']"
  [onAuthorizedPermission]="OnAuthorizedPermission"
  [onUnauthorizedPermission]="OnUnauthorizedPermission"><span aria-hidden="true"></span>
  Add New User</button>

public enum CustomerType 
{ 
     Person = 0, 
     Company = 1 
} 
public class Customer 
{ 
    public CustomerType Type { get; set; } 
}

با وجود چنین کلاسی از مشتری و نیاز به انجام فعالیت‌های مختلفی بر روی آن، احتمالا نیاز خواهد بود که در بخش‌های مختلف کد، گذاره‌ی switch ای مانند زیر را اضافه کنید:  

switch (customer.Type) 
{ 
      case CustomerType.Person: 
         // calculate discount, or send message or edit customer or anything else 
          break; 
      case CustomerType.Company: 
          // calculate discount, or send message or edit customer or anything else 
          break; 
      default: 
          throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(); 
 }

برای انجام فعالیت‌های مختلفی مانند محاسبه تخفیف، ارسال پیام و یا ویرایش مشتری، نیاز خواهد بود این گذاره تکرار شود که خود این موضوع بوی بد duplicate code است و به الگوی shotgun surgery نیز ختم خواهد شد. 

حال فرض کنید نیاز است مشتریان حقوقی، خود به دو نوع مشتری حقوقی بخش خصوصی و مشتری حقوقی بخش دولتی تقسیم شوند. در پیاده سازی ذکر شده باید به CustomerType یک آیتم افزوده شود و در تمامی switch‌ها نیز در صورت نیاز شرط مربوط به آن اضافه شود.  

برای حل این نوع از کد بد بو، معمولا یک کلاس پدر را به نام مشتری ایجاد کرده و کلاس‌های مختص هر یک از انواع مشتری را از آن به ارث می‌برند (Replace type code with subclass):

یا می‌توان طراحی را کمی متفاوت‌تر و به صورت زیر انجام داد:

دلیل مشابه دیگر ایجاد این الگوی بد کد استفاده از type code به عنوان وضعیتیک تایپ است. که در این صورت می‌توان بجای type code از state object استفاده کرد (Replace type code with strategy). به این مورد در مباحث مربوط به refactoring به طور مفصل پرداخته شده است.

جمع بندی 

این کد بد بو در شرایط متفاوتی ایجاد می‌شود. با این حال یکی از پر تکرارترین آنها استفاده بد یا عدم استفاده از الگوهای طراحی شیء گرا است. تصحیص این الگوی بد، به خوانایی و نگهداری کد در بلند مدت کمک بسیار زیادی می‌کند.

namespace AngularTemplateDrivenFormsLab.Models
{
    public class Product
    {
        public int ProductId { set; get; }
        public string ProductName { set; get; }
        public decimal Price { set; get; }
        public bool IsAvailable { set; get; }
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace AngularTemplateDrivenFormsLab.Models
{
    public static class ProductDataSource
    {
        private static readonly IList<Product> _cachedItems;
        static ProductDataSource()
        {
            _cachedItems = createProductsDataSource();
        }

        public static IList<Product> LatestProducts
        {
            get { return _cachedItems; }
        }

        private static IList<Product> createProductsDataSource()
        {
            var list = new List<Product>();
            for (var i = 0; i < 1500; i++)
            {
                list.Add(new Product
                {
                    ProductId = i + 1,
                    ProductName = "نام " + (i + 1),
                    IsAvailable = (i % 2 == 0),
                    Price = 1000 + i
                });
            }
            return list;
        }
    }
}

 http://localhost:5000/api/Product/GetPagedProducts?sortBy=productId&isAscending=true&page=2&pageSize=7

    public interface IPagedQueryModel
    {
        string SortBy { get; set; }
        bool IsAscending { get; set; }
        int Page { get; set; }
        int PageSize { get; set; }
    }

    public class ProductQueryViewModel : IPagedQueryModel
    {
        // ... other properties ...

        public string SortBy { get; set; }
        public bool IsAscending { get; set; }
        public int Page { get; set; }
        public int PageSize { get; set; }
    }

    public static class IQueryableExtensions
    {
        public static IQueryable<T> ApplyPaging<T>(
          this IQueryable<T> query, IPagedQueryModel model)
        {
            if (model.Page <= 0)
            {
                model.Page = 1;
            }

            if (model.PageSize <= 0)
            {
                model.PageSize = 10;
            }

            return query.Skip((model.Page - 1) * model.PageSize).Take(model.PageSize);
        }
    }

 http://localhost:5000/api/Product/GetPagedProducts?sortBy=productId&isAscending=true&page=2&pageSize=7

if(model.SortBy == "f1")
{
   query = !model.IsAscending ? query.OrderByDescending(x => x.F1) : query.OrderBy(x => x.F1);
}

namespace AngularTemplateDrivenFormsLab.Utils
{
    public static class IQueryableExtensions
    {
        public static IQueryable<T> ApplyOrdering<T>(
          this IQueryable<T> query,
          IPagedQueryModel model,
          IDictionary<string, Expression<Func<T, object>>> columnsMap)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(model.SortBy) || !columnsMap.ContainsKey(model.SortBy))
            {
                return query;
            }

            if (model.IsAscending)
            {
                return query.OrderBy(columnsMap[model.SortBy]);
            }
            else
            {
                return query.OrderByDescending(columnsMap[model.SortBy]);
            }
        }
    }
}

var columnsMap = new Dictionary<string, Expression<Func<Product, object>>>()
            {
                ["productId"] = p => p.ProductId,
                ["productName"] = p => p.ProductName,
                ["isAvailable"] = p => p.IsAvailable,
                ["price"] = p => p.Price
            };
query = query.ApplyOrdering(queryModel, columnsMap);

using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace AngularTemplateDrivenFormsLab.Models
{
    public class PagedQueryResult<T>
    {
        public int TotalItems { get; set; }
        public IEnumerable<T> Items { get; set; }
    }
}

    [Route("api/[controller]")]
    public class ProductController : Controller
    {
        [HttpGet("[action]")]
        public PagedQueryResult<Product> GetPagedProducts(ProductQueryViewModel queryModel)
        {
            var pagedResult = new PagedQueryResult<Product>();

            var query = ProductDataSource.LatestProducts
                                         .AsQueryable();

            //TODO: Apply Filtering ... .where(p => p....) ...

            var columnsMap = new Dictionary<string, Expression<Func<Product, object>>>()
            {
                ["productId"] = p => p.ProductId,
                ["productName"] = p => p.ProductName,
                ["isAvailable"] = p => p.IsAvailable,
                ["price"] = p => p.Price
            };
            query = query.ApplyOrdering(queryModel, columnsMap);

            pagedResult.TotalItems = query.Count();
            query = query.ApplyPaging(queryModel);
            pagedResult.Items = query.ToList();
            return pagedResult;
        }
    }

 public PagedQueryResult<Product> GetPagedProducts(ProductQueryViewModel queryModel)

 var query = ProductDataSource.LatestProducts
  .AsQueryable();

//TODO: Apply Filtering ... .where(p => p....) ...

var columnsMap = new Dictionary<string, Expression<Func<Product, object>>>()
            {
                ["productId"] = p => p.ProductId,
                ["productName"] = p => p.ProductName,
                ["isAvailable"] = p => p.IsAvailable,
                ["price"] = p => p.Price
            };
query = query.ApplyOrdering(queryModel, columnsMap);

var pagedResult = new PagedQueryResult<Product>();
pagedResult.TotalItems = query.Count();
query = query.ApplyPaging(queryModel);
pagedResult.Items = query.ToList();
return pagedResult;

> npm install bootstrap --save> npm install ngx-bootstrap --save

  "apps": [
    {
      "styles": [
    "../node_modules/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css",
        "styles.css"
      ],

import { PaginationModule } from "ngx-bootstrap";

@NgModule({
  imports: [
    PaginationModule.forRoot()
  ]

>ng g m SimpleGrid -m app.module --routing

>ng g c SimpleGrid/products-list

>ng g cl SimpleGrid/app-product

export class AppProduct {
  constructor(
    public productId: number,
    public productName: string,
    public price: number,
    public isAvailable: boolean
  ) {}
}

>ng g cl SimpleGrid/PagedQueryModel

export class PagedQueryModel {
  constructor(
    public sortBy: string,
    public isAscending: boolean,
    public page: number,
    public pageSize: number
  ) {}
}

>ng g cl SimpleGrid/PagedQueryResult

export class PagedQueryResult<T> {
  constructor(public totalItems: number, public items: T[]) {}
}

>ng g cl SimpleGrid/GridColumn

export class GridColumn {
  constructor(
    public title: string,
    public propertyName: string,
    public isSortable: boolean
  ) {}
}

>ng g s SimpleGrid/products-list -m simple-grid.module

  toQueryString(obj: any): string {
    const parts = [];
    for (const key in obj) {
      if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
        const value = obj[key];
        if (value !== null && value !== undefined) {
          parts.push(encodeURIComponent(key) + "=" + encodeURIComponent(value));
        }
      }
    }
    return parts.join("&");
  }

[HttpGet("[action]")]
public PagedQueryResult<Product> GetPagedProducts(ProductQueryViewModel queryModel)

 http://localhost:5000/api/Product/GetPagedProducts?sortBy=productId&isAscending=true&page=2&pageSize=7

@Injectable()
export class ProductsListService {
  private baseUrl = "api/Product";

  constructor(private http: Http) {}

  getPagedProductsList(
    queryModel: PagedQueryModel
  ): Observable<PagedQueryResult<AppProduct>> {
    return this.http
      .get(`${this.baseUrl}/GetPagedProducts?${this.toQueryString(queryModel)}`)
      .map(res => {
        const result = res.json();
        return new PagedQueryResult<AppProduct>(
          result.totalItems,
          result.items
        );
      });
  }

<table class="table table-striped table-hover table-bordered table-condensed"><thead><tr><th class="text-center" style="width:3%">#</th><th *ngFor="let column of columns" class="text-center"><div *ngIf="column.isSortable" (click)="sortBy(column.propertyName)" style="cursor: pointer">
            {{ column.title }}<i *ngIf="queryModel.sortBy === column.propertyName" class="glyphicon"
              [class.glyphicon-sort-by-order]="queryModel.isAscending" [class.glyphicon-sort-by-order-alt]="!queryModel.isAscending"></i></div><div *ngIf="!column.isSortable" style="cursor: pointer">
            {{ column.title }}</div></th></tr></thead>

export class ProductsListComponent implements OnInit {
  columns: GridColumn[] = [
    new GridColumn("Id", "productId", true),
    new GridColumn("Name", "productName", true),
    new GridColumn("Price", "price", true),
    new GridColumn("Available", "isAvailable", true)
  ];

export class ProductsListComponent implements OnInit {
  itemsPerPage = 7;
  queryModel = new PagedQueryModel("productId", true, 1, this.itemsPerPage);

  sortBy(columnName) {
    if (this.queryModel.sortBy === columnName) {
      this.queryModel.isAscending = !this.queryModel.isAscending;
    } else {
      this.queryModel.sortBy = columnName;
      this.queryModel.isAscending = true;
    }
    this.getPagedProductsList();
  }
}

<tbody><tr *ngFor="let item of queryResult.items; let i = index"><td class="text-center">{{ itemsPerPage * (currentPage - 1) + i + 1 }}</td><td class="text-center">{{ item.productId }}</td><td class="text-center">{{ item.productName }}</td><td class="text-center">{{ item.price | number:'.0' }}</td><td class="text-center"><input id="item-{{ item.productId }}" type="checkbox" [checked]="item.isAvailable"
            disabled="disabled" /></td></tr></tbody></table>

export class ProductsListComponent implements OnInit {
  itemsPerPage = 7;
  currentPage: number;
  numberOfPages: number;
  isLoading = false;
  queryModel = new PagedQueryModel("productId", true, 1, this.itemsPerPage);
  queryResult = new PagedQueryResult<AppProduct>(0, []);

  constructor(private productsListService: ProductsListService) {}

  ngOnInit() {
    this.getPagedProductsList();
  }

  private getPagedProductsList() {
    this.isLoading = true;
    this.productsListService
      .getPagedProductsList(this.queryModel)
      .subscribe(result => {
        this.queryResult = result;
        this.isLoading = false;
      });
  }
}

<div align="center"><pagination [maxSize]="8" [boundaryLinks]="true" [totalItems]="queryResult.totalItems"
      [rotate]="false" previousText="&lsaquo;" nextText="&rsaquo;" firstText="&laquo;"
      lastText="&raquo;" (numPages)="numberOfPages = $event" [(ngModel)]="currentPage"
      (pageChanged)="onPageChange($event)"></pagination></div><pre class="card card-block card-header">Page: {{currentPage}} / {{numberOfPages}}</pre>

export class ProductsListComponent implements OnInit {
  itemsPerPage = 7;
  currentPage: number;
  numberOfPages: number;

  onPageChange(event: any) {
    this.queryModel.page = event.page;
    this.getPagedProductsList();
  }
}

 npm install moment-jalaali --save

 npm install @types/moment-jalaali --save-dev

{
    "typeRoots": [
      "node_modules/@types"
    ]
}

import * as momentJalaali from "moment-jalaali";

export class MomentJalaaliTestComponent implements OnInit {
  now: string;
  nowLongDateFormat: string;
  nowExtraLongDateFormat: string;

  ngOnInit() {
    this.persianDateTests();
  }

  persianDateTests() {
    // https://github.com/jalaali/moment-jalaali
    momentJalaali.loadPersian(/*{ usePersianDigits: true }*/); // نمایش فارسى نام ماه‌ها، روزها و امثال آن

    this.now = momentJalaali().format("jYYYY/jMM/jDD HH:mm");
    this.nowLongDateFormat = momentJalaali().format("jD jMMMM jYYYY [ساعت] LT");
    this.nowExtraLongDateFormat = momentJalaali().format(
      "dddd، jD jMMMM jYYYY [ساعت] LT"
    );
  }
}

 ng g p CustomPipe/moment-jalaali -m custom-pipe.module

import { Pipe, PipeTransform } from "@angular/core";

import * as momentJalaali from "moment-jalaali";

@Pipe({
  name: "momentJalaali"
})
export class MomentJalaaliPipe implements PipeTransform {
  transform(value: any, args?: any): any {
    return momentJalaali(value).format(args);
  }
}

<h2>Server side dates:</h2><div *ngFor="let date of dates"><span dir="ltr">{{date | momentJalaali:'jYYYY/jMM/jDD hh:mm' }}</span>,<span dir="rtl">{{date | momentJalaali:'jD jMMMM jYYYY [ساعت] LT'}}</span></div>

روش‌های اصلاح این کد بد بو 

public class Salesman 
{ 
    public void Method1() 
    { 
       return; 
    } 
    public void Method2() 
    { 
        return; 
    } 
    public void Method3() 
    { 
       return; 
    }
    public decimal CalculateCommission(dynamic products, dynamic commissionRate, dynamic saleDate, dynamic branch, dynamic paymentType) 
    { 
       return decimal.MaxValue; 
    } 
}

public class SalesmanV2 
{ 
    public IEnumerable<dynamic> Products { get; set; } 
    public dynamic CommisionRate { get; set; } 
    public dynamic SaleDate { get; set; } 
    public dynamic Branch { get; set; } 
    public dynamic PaymentType { get; set; } 
    public void Method1() 
    { 
        return; 
    } 
    public void Method2() 
    { 
        return; 
    } 
    public void Method3() 
    { 
        return; 
    } 
    public decimal CalculateCommission() 
    { 
       return decimal.MaxValue; 
    } 
}

public class SalesmanV3 
{ 
    public void Method1() 
    { 
        return; 
    } 
    public void Method2() 
    { 
        return; 
    } 
    public void Method3() 
    { 
        return; 
    } 
} 

public class CommissionCalculator 
{ 
    private IEnumerable<dynamic> _products; 
    private dynamic _commisionRate; 
    private dynamic _saleDate; 
    private dynamic _branch; 
    private dynamic _paymentType; 
    public CommissionCalculator(IEnumerable<dynamic> products, dynamic commisionRate, 
            dynamic saleDate, dynamic branch, dynamic paymentType) 
    { 
        _products = products; 
        _commisionRate = commisionRate; 
        _saleDate = saleDate; 
        _branch = branch; 
        _paymentType = paymentType; 
    } 
}

Technology Heterogeneity 

Resilience 

Gilt  یک خرده فروش آنلاین در صنعت مد می‌باشد که  بخاطر مسائل Performance به معماری مایکروسرویس‌ها روی آورد. آنها در سال 2007 با یک نرم افزار یکپارچه شروع به کار کردند. اما بعد از دوسال سیستم آنها قادر به مقابله با ترافیک سایت نبود. آنها با تقسیم بندی قسمت‌های اصلی سیستم خود به مایکرو سرویسها، توانستند خیلی بهتر و موثرتر با ترافیک رسیده مقابله کنند و قابلیت دسترسی پذیری سیستم را افزایش دهند. در حال حاضر سیستم  آنها از حدود 450 مایکرو سرویس تشکیل شده که هر کدام روی چندین ماشین مختلف در حال اجرا می‌باشند.

Ease of Deployment 

Organizational Alignment 

Composability

Optimizing for Replaceability

 ng build -prod --output-hashing=none

<script type="text/javascript" asp-src-include="*.js"></script>

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta charset="utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /><link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="favicon.ico"><title>ng2-lab</title><base href="/"><environment names="Development"></environment><environment names="Staging,Production"><link rel="stylesheet" asp-href-include="~/styles*.css" /></environment></head><body>
    @RenderBody()<app-root></app-root><environment names="Development"><script type="text/javascript" src="/inline.bundle.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/polyfills.bundle.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/scripts.bundle.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/styles.bundle.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/vendor.bundle.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/main.bundle.js"></script></environment><environment names="Production,Staging"><script type="text/javascript" asp-src-include="~/inline*.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" asp-src-include="~/polyfills*.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" asp-src-include="~/scripts*.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" asp-src-include="~/vendor*.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" asp-src-include="~/main*.js"></script></environment></body></html>

[name].[hash].bundle.js

app.Use(async (context, next) =>
{
    await next();
    var path = context.Request.Path.Value;
    if (path != null &&
        context.Response.StatusCode == 404 &&
        !Path.HasExtension(path) &&
        !path.StartsWith("/api/", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
        {
            context.Request.Path = "/index.html";
            await next();
        }
});

 //context.Request.Path = "/index.html";
context.Request.Path = "/"; // since we are using views/shared/_layout.cshtml now.